The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.